Pre-requisites: How I Calculate Capacity for Systems Design – 1

Part 2: How I Calculate Capacity for Systems Design – 2

Capacity Estimation in System Design

Capacity estimation is essential to ensure that a system can handle its expected load and perform efficiently. It involves calculating the resource…


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by ZeeshanAli-0704

Part 2: How I Calculate Capacity for Systems Design - 2

Capacity Estimation in System Design

Capacity estimation is essential to ensure that a system can handle its expected load and perform efficiently. It involves calculating the resources needed for processing/traffic handling, storage, and network bandwidth.

Key Rules for System Design Estimation Calculations

  1. Rounding Approximations

    • Simplify calculations by rounding to more manageable numbers.
    • Example: Instead of calculating for 86,400 seconds in a day, use 100,000 (100K) seconds to simplify.

  2. Powers of 2 and 10

    • Familiarize yourself with powers of 2 and 10 for quick estimations.
    • Example values for powers of 2: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, etc.
    • Example values for powers of 10:
      • (10^1 = 10)
      • (10^2 = 100)
      • (10^3 = 1,000)
      • (10^6 = 1,000,000) (1 million)
      • (10^9 = 1,000,000,000) (1 billion)
      • (10^{12} = 1,000,000,000,000) (1 trillion)

  3. Metric System

    • Use metric system units for large numbers:
      • 1 million = (10^6)
      • 1 billion = (10^9)
      • 1 trillion = (10^{12})

  4. Storage Capacity

    • Understand common storage units:
      • 1 KB = (10^3) bytes
      • 1 MB = (10^6) bytes
      • 1 GB = (10^9) bytes
      • 1 TB = (10^{12}) bytes
      • 1 PB = (10^{15}) bytes
  • Storage Assumption
Storage Assumption Size
Single Char 2 bytes
Long/Double 8 bytes
Image 200 KB
Video 2 MB

  1. Key Metrics to Memorize

    • 1 million requests per day ≈ 12 requests/second
    • 1 million requests per minute ≈ 700 requests/second
    • 1 million requests per hour ≈ 4,200 requests/minute

  2. Latency Numbers

    • Familiarize yourself with common latency benchmarks to make informed decisions during system design.

Note: Google for a table of latency benchmarks for more details.

Table for Powers of 2 and 10

Power of 2 Value Power of 10 Value
(2^1) 2 (10^1) 10
(2^2) 4 (10^2) 100
(2^3) 8 (10^3) 1,000
(2^4) 16 (10^6) 1,000,000
(2^5) 32 (10^9) 1,000,000,000
(2^6) 64 (10^{12}) 1,000,000,000,000

Article 2: How I Calculate Capacity for Systems Design - 2

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This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by ZeeshanAli-0704


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