001. JavaScriptga kirish (mavzular)

Dasturlash tillari haqida umumiy ma’lumot

Dasturlash tillari: C, C++, C#, JavaScript, Java, Python, PHP, Go, Dart.

JavaScript tarixi

Brendan Eich tomonidan 1995-yilda 10 kun ichida Netscape kompaniyasida yaratilgan.
Dastlabki nomi Mocha, keyi…


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Mukhriddin Khodiev (work)

  1. Dasturlash tillari haqida umumiy ma'lumot

    • Dasturlash tillari: C, C++, C#, JavaScript, Java, Python, PHP, Go, Dart.

  2. JavaScript tarixi

    • Brendan Eich tomonidan 1995-yilda 10 kun ichida Netscape kompaniyasida yaratilgan.
    • Dastlabki nomi Mocha, keyin LiveScript, va nihoyat JavaScript (Java tilining mashhurligidan foydalanish uchun).
    • Microsoft Internet Explorer 3 ni yaratib, Netscape ga raqobatdosh qildi. Natijada JavaScriptning 2 xil versiyasi paydo bo'ldi:
      1. Netscape Navigator JavaScript
      2. Internet Explorer JavaScript

  3. Nima uchun JavaScript?

    • Dinamik typed language (Dynamically typed language).
    • Qo'shimcha afzalliklar va sabablar keltirilishi mumkin.

  4. JavaScript nima qiladi?

    • Web brauzerlarda JavaScriptning asosiy 3 qismi mavjud:
      1. ECMAScript
      2. DOM (Document Object Model) - scroll, keyboard kabi hodisalarni va formalarni boshqaradi.
      3. BOM (Browser Object Model) - brauzerga xos funksiyalarni boshqaradi, masalan, location va notifications.
    • Mashhur funksiyalar va kutubxonalar:
      • Toggle, navbar-shrink, yuklanish animatsiyalari, AOS, Owl Carousel, qora/yengil rejim.

  5. JavaScript versiyalari

    • ES5 (2009) - brauzerlar tomonidan keng qo'llaniladi.
    • ES6 (2015+) - katta yangilanishlar kiritildi.
    • Kelgusi versiyalar (Next ES) kutilmoqda.

  6. JavaScript qanday qilib ishlatiladi ?

    • JavaScript kodlari HTML hujjatlarida inline, ichki (internal) yoki tashqi (external) tarzda joylashtirib ishlatish mumkin.

  7. JavaScriptda kirish va chiqish

    • Kiritish : prompt orqali amalga oshiriladi.
    • Chiqarish : innerHTML, document.write(), window.alert(), window.confirm(), va console.log() orqali amalga oshiriladi.

  8. Sintaksis va izohlar (comments)

    • Izohlar: bir qatorli izohlar uchun //, ko'p qatorli izohlar uchun /* ... */ ishlatiladi.
    • Nuqtali vergul (semicolon), bloklar, ifodalar va oq joylarni (space, new line, tab) ishlatish haqida.

  9. Identifikatorlar va nomlash qoidalari

    • To'g'ri identifikatorlar uchun qoidalar: harflar, raqamlar, pastki chiziqlar yoki dollar belgilari ishlatilishi mumkin.
    • Nomi yozish uslublari: PascalCase, snake_case, camelCase (tavsiya etiladi), va kebab-case (qo'llab-quvvatlanmaydi).

  10. JavaScriptda o'zgaruvchilar

- O'zgaruvchilar — ma'lumotlarni saqlash uchun konteynerlardir.
- Turlari: `var`, `let`, `const` va ular bilan bog'liq tushunchalar haqida , masalan, e'lon qilish (declaration), ishga tushirish (initialization), va o'zlashtirish (assignment) kabi tushunchalar mavjud.
- `undefined`, `undeclared`, va tenglik (`=`) operatori.
- `var` va `let` o'rtasidagi farqlar.
- Doimiylar (constants) va `typeof` operatori.

  1. O'zgaruvchilarni almashtirish

    • O'zgaruvchilarni qanday almashtirish haqida misol kodi.

  2. JavaScriptdagi operatorlar

    • Arifmetik operatorlar: +, -, *, /, ** (daraja), % (qoldiqli bo'linish).
    • Unar operatorlar: +x, -x, ++x, --x, x++, x--.

  3. Manbalar


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Mukhriddin Khodiev (work)


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