40 Days Of Kubernetes (35/40)

Day 35/40

Kubernetes ETCD Backup And Restore Explained

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@piyushsachdeva
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In the section we’re looking at etcd backup and restore which is a very important for Kubernetes administrators.
We nee…


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Sina Tavakkol

Day 35/40

Kubernetes ETCD Backup And Restore Explained

Video Link
@piyushsachdeva
Git Repository
My Git Repo

In the section we're looking at etcd backup and restore which is a very important for Kubernetes administrators.
We need to take the backup of objects.

  • Get all components in yaml format into yaml file: 
root@localhost:~# kubectl get all -A -o yaml > backup.yaml

It's not efficient way to backing up the cluster because we didn't backup the persistent data and some other data which is not part of these manifests.

  • etcd manifest's spec

Image description

(Photo from the video)

  • The /var/lib/etcd is the default directory which etcd data stores its configuration data.

  • The https://127.0.0.1:2379 is where etcd client is listening and the requests of kubectl sent by api-server to this url.

  • The keys of etcd that is sent are mentioned too.

    • --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt
    • --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key
    • --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt

  • We have 2 volume mounts:

Image description

(Photo from the video)

- `etcd-data`: /var/lib/etcd - the data directory
- `etcd-cets`: /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd - the cert keys directory
  • Install the etcdctl utility 
root@localhost:~# apt install etcd-client -y
  • Create an env for latest version of the utility because it uses version 2 by default. 
root@localhost:~# export ETCDCTL_API=3


root@localhost:~# etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt \
--cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt \
--key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key \
snapshot save /opt/etcd-backup.db
  • Verify the snapshot 
root@localhost:~# etcdctl --write-out=table snapshot status /opt/etcd-backup.db

the output would be like:

Image description

(Photo from the video)

  • Let's restore the snapshot

Caution:

If any API servers are running in your cluster, you should not attempt to restore instances of etcd. Instead, follow these steps to restore etcd:

  • stop all API server instances
  • restore state in all etcd instances
  • restart all API server instances

source

root@localhost:~# etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt \
--cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt \
--key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key \
snapshot restore /opt/etcd-backup.db \
--data-dir=/var/lib/etcd-restore-from-backup

Then, we need to edit the etcd manifest in /etc/kubernetes/manifests/etcd.yaml and the value of
- --data-dir option from /var/lib/etcd to /var/lib/etcd-restore-from-backup
- mountPath from /var/lib/etcd to /var/lib/etcd-restore-from-backup
- hostPath from /var/lib/etcd to /var/lib/etcd-restore-from-backup

and restart the kubelet.


This content originally appeared on DEV Community and was authored by Sina Tavakkol


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